How to break out of nested loops in C++
In this tutorial, we will learn to break out of nested loops in C++. In different languages, we use break statement to exit from a for loop. But, this break statement always works in a single loop not in a nested loop.
To break from a nested loop, we can take the help of flags. Basically, Flag variable is used as a signal in programming. This signal will let the program know that a specific condition has been met. When a certain condition has been met then we will use the break statement to break from a loop. Initially, we set the flag value to 0, and if a certain condition has reached, we will then set flag value to 1.
For better understanding, follow the below example:
Suppose we want to find the number “20” in a 2D matrix. If found, print “element found” otherwise, print “not found”.
In the below example, we are breaking the nested loop with the help of both flag variable and break statement.
An example C++ program to show how to beak out or exit from a nested loop in C++
#include<iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int array[3][3] = { {1, 2, 3}, {10, 20, 30}, {34, 45, 34} }; int find = 20; int flag = 0; // make a flag variable to check that we have to break or not for(int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { for(int j = 0; j < 3; j++) { if(array[i][j] == find) { flag = 1; // setting flag to 1 and use break break; } } if(flag == 1) { // flag will be 1 only when we have encountered a break in nested loop cout << "element found" << endl; break; } } if(flag == 0) { cout << "element not found" << endl; } }
OUTPUT:
element found
Also Check: how to convert string to hexadecimal in c++
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