File Handling in Java using NIO package

By Ayush Sanghavi

Let us first study what NIO is and how can we use it for File Handling in Java. So basically, Java has provided us with another I/O system called the NIO which stands for NEW I/O. There are three standard fundamental components of the NIO, they are the

Channels and Buffers
Selectors
Non-blocking I/O

There are quite a few File Handling methods in Java using the NIO package. Let us glide through a few along with a small example of its implementation.

File.exists(): Checks whether the file (path of the file) exists in the System or not.
File.createDirectory() : Creates a new directory from the file path instance.
File.copy() : Copies a file from one path to another.
Files.move() : Moves the file to another destination.
Files.delete(): Deletes the file from the system when specified in the file path.

Create a file in Java using NIO package

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files; //importing the nio package 
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths; 
public class Create { //Creating a file 
   public static void main() 
     { 
      Path path = Paths.get("E:NEWfile.txt"); //initializing the Path object 
         try  { //creating a file Path 
            createdFilePath = Files.createFile(path); //Created a file path
 
            System.out.println("Created a file at : "+createdFilePath); //printing the path of the new file that has been created 
              }    
         catch (IOException e)
              { 
                e.printStackTrace(); 
              }
      }
}

Move a file from one directory to another in Java using NIO package

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files; //
importing the nio package 
import java.nio.file.Path; 
import java.nio.file.Paths; 
public class Move { //Moving a file
public static void main()
{
Path sourcePath = Paths.get("data/logging-copy.properties"); //defining the source of the file
Path destinationPath = Paths.get("data/subdir/logging-moved.properties"); //defining the destination of the file 
try { 
Files.move(sourcePath, destinationPath, StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING); 
} 
catch (IOException e) {  
e.printStackTrace();  //moving file failed.
}
}

Copying a file and printing its location

package com.test.examples;

import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;

/**
 * Java Files copy file example
 * 
 *
 */
public class FilesCopyFileExample {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Path sourcePath = Paths.get("D:/data/sourceFile.txt");
    Path targetPath = Paths.get("D:/data/DestinationFile.txt");
    
    try {
      Path path = Files.copy(sourcePath, targetPath,StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);//copy with REPLACE_EXISTING option
      System.out.println("Target file Path : "+path);
      System.out.println("Copied Content : \n"+new String(Files.readAllBytes(path)));
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }

  }
}

Moving a file using the NIO package of Java

package com.test.examples;

import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;

/**
 * Java Files move file example
 * 
 *
 */
public class FilesMoveFileExample {

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    Path sourcePath = Paths.get("D:/data/sourceFile.txt");
    Path targetPath = Paths.get("D:/data/DestinationFile.txt");
    try {
      Path path = Files.move(sourcePath, targetPath,StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);//move with REPLACE_EXISTING option
      System.out.println("Target file Path : "+path);
      System.out.println("Moved Content : \n"+new String(Files.readAllBytes(path)));
    } catch (Exception e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
    }
  }

}

Deleting a file using the Java NIO package

// Java program to demonstrate delete using Files class 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.nio.file.*; 
  
public class Test 
{ 
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    { 
        try
        { 
            Files.deleteIfExists(Paths.get("C:\\Users\\AyushSanghavi\\Desktop\\ 
            TestData.txt")); 
        } 
        catch(NoSuchFileException e) 
        { 
            System.out.println("No such file/directory exists"); 
        } 
        catch(DirectoryNotEmptyException e) 
        { 
            System.out.println("Directory is not empty."); 
        } 
        catch(IOException e) 
        { 
            System.out.println("permissions denied."); 
        } 
          
        System.out.println("Deletion is successful."); 
    } 
}

Let me know if you need more File Handling programs using the NIO package in JAVA in the comments sections below.

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